ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Nature 2017, 542, 450–455Adipose tissue is no longer considered a passive energy store. Instead, it is well established as an important endocrine contributor. Here, the authors comprehensively show that the function of the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ is not limited to classical adipokines, but also includes miRNAs and maybe other non-coding RNAs. This study...

Brief summary: Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals may have adverse effects on humans. Tissue specific organoids are a helpful model to study organ specific impact of compounds alone or in combination, at different doses and during different stages of tissue development (1). While such organoid models have been developed for different tissues, such models were lacking to study differentiated thyroid follicles and thyroid tissue during development and differentiation.</p...

Brief summary: This retrospective study compared the efficacy and tolerability profiles of leuprolide and triptorelin in patients with central precocious puberty and did not find any significant difference between the two drugs.Treatment with GnRH analogues represents the standard of care for central precocious puberty (CPP) in order to preserve adult height potential1. Leuprolide and Triptorelin are the most prescribed drugs (1,2). They are g...

Brief summary: Using data from the Type 1 Diabetes Intelligence (T1DI) cohort (n=24 662), this prospective study aimed to identify optimal ages for initial islet autoantibody (IAb) screening to predict the development of clinical type 1 diabetes (T1D). The identified optimal screening ages were 2 years and 6 years, with sensitivity of 82% and positive predictive value of 79% for T1D by age 15 years.Screening for T1D is a growing research topic a...

Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 Feb;17(2):114–129. doi: 10.1038/s41574-020-00437-2. PMID: 33247226.We highly recommend this comprehensive review by Prodam et al. to everyone as a starter to this chapter. How many of you knew that hypopituitarism in humans was first described just over 100 hundred years ago? The authors of this excellent review divide the causes of hypopituitarism...

Endocr J. 2021 Apr 3. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ21-0050. PMID: 33814485.Mizue Fujii and colleagues retrospectively evaluated the pituitary function in 67 and 111 adult patients with Rathke’s cleft cyst (RCC) and non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFA), respectively. The study population represented consecutive patients encountered in their institute. They found that RCCs were smaller t...

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2021 Mar;94(3):392–398. doi: 10.1111/cen.14364. PMID: 33140844.In this retrospective study, random growth hormone (GH) levels were compared between newborns (mean age 9.07±6.6 days) with or without GH deficiency. A cut off of 4.5 ng/ml was established as the GH value to diagnose congenital GH deficiency. This value had a 100% sensitivity and 85% specificity for d...

JAMA Pediatr. 2021;175(2):e205199. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5199. PMID: 33346824This nationwide population-based study assessed the long-term risk of cardiovascular events in patients who had received rhGH therapy during childhood and adolescence. The study cohort comprised 3.408 subjects treated under the GHD, SGA or ISS indications, and 50 036 age-, sex-, and region-base...

Bone. 2021 Jan;142:115709 Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33148508/In brief: In the developing bone, PTHrP signaling inhibits hypertrophic differentiation, the key step in the coupling of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during endochondral bone formation. The current paper reviews findings of previous knockout-studies on PTHrP-induced signaling including HDAC4/5, salt-ind...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(10):dgaa440. 10.1210/clinem/dgaa440 https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/105/10/3134/5868100In brief: Based on a 20-year Danish registry, this study reports a marked increase in incidence of gynecomastia between 1998 to 2017, 5-fold among post-pubertal males age 16–20 years, and ...